只有 6% 的 COVID-19 感染病例被检测出来
哥廷根大学教授柳叶刀论文
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-04-covid-average-actual-infections-worldwide.html
结论很可怕:
Insufficient and delayed testing may explain why some European countries, such as Italy and Spain, are experiencing much higher casualty numbers (relative to reported confirmed cases) than Germany, which has detected an estimated 15.6% of infections compared to only 3.5% in Italy or 1.7% in Spain. Detection rates are even lower in the United States (1.6%) and the United Kingdom (1.2%)—two countries that have received widespread criticism from public health experts for their delayed response to the pandemic.
In sharp contrast to this, South Korea appears to have discovered almost half of all its SARS-CoV-2 infections. The authors estimate that on 31 March 2020, Germany had 460,000 infections. Based on the same method, they calculate that the United States had more than 10 million, Spain more than 5 million, Italy around 3 million and the United Kingdom around 2 million infections. On the same day, Johns Hopkins University reported that globally, there were fewer than 900,000 confirmed cases, meaning that the vast majority of infections were undetected.
看了一下研究方法:作者假定武汉是全部病例都被检测到,因此使用武汉的确诊人数分年龄段死亡率作为先验概率。并且从上述数据中,能得到从开始出现症状到死亡的时间,大概是18天。假定出现症状四天后被确诊,那么就可以用3月31日的死亡人数,倒推3月17日的感染人数,再和3月17日实际检测到的感染人数比较,发现实际人数只有理论人数的6%。
用同样的方法,推测出截止到3月31日,美国感染人数可能已达到1000万……
不过我觉得这个论文有一个硬伤,他假定3月17日到后面,检测率是不变的,实际上各国后期的检测能力是逐步快速提升的。比如美国,3月17日,推算出来确诊人数占潜在人数是 $1.59\%$,但如果仍然使用这个值去反推,我觉得肯定不科学。
在有特效药或者疫苗前,检测很重要。但是也不是那么重要。从方法上来说,美国这边其实并不是很强调检测;大幅度检测会减少民众的恐慌,但是并不能救人。现在的方法是social distancing来减少感染者突然爆发,保证医疗不被挤兑,在此前提下,大家分批感染,医疗能跟上,covid19应该会变成季节性流感一样得病了。等到感染人群和治愈人群上了一个threshold以后,就算安全了,全民恢复正常生活,可以复工了。
国内估计要严防死守到特效药出来或者疫苗出来才能算安全。
我感觉之前有一次呼吸真的很难受,说不定我已经中过了病毒呢
呵呵 嘿嘿 哈哈
@waitingspring #2 那中国肯定完蛋了,俄罗斯已经爆发。就等印度,日本了。
这样搞下去闭关锁国还得要很多年
@小二 #1 弄不好以后中国护照会变得非常稀缺。 什么日本动画 日本锁国之类的,统统要在中国变成现实。
爽
@小二 #1 还有一个中国秘密不报的事情,武汉曾经大批次的测试过普通人的血样看感染率和抗体比例,据说测了一部分就立刻停止了。
作者假定武汉是全部病例都被检测到?!?!?!
不用看下去了